Levels of Information

Any business organisation is not managed by a single group of managers. in a typical business organisation three levels of Management exist:

1. Top-level management
2. Middle-level management
3. Lower-level management

The number of managers at the lowest levels is the highest which decreases when we move upward in the pyramid. These three groups of managers have a different type of decisions and for the same purpose, they require a different type of information.

Levels of Management                    

Lower level management: The lower level Management is concern with operational control and sees day-to-day function. The need for information in this group of managers is detailed. Since lower-level managers required information for the proper working of daily operations, the decisions made by this group is related to short term requirement of operational control.

Middle-level management: The middle-level management take decisions on tactical issues and is involved in planning for a period of considerable length. The information required by these managers is little summarised say for months, quarters or years as required.

Top level management: The top-level management takes decisions and performs strategic planning for 3-5 years that is for the long term. The information required by this group is highly summarised. In this level, the number of managers is less, since in this level decisions are taken for the long term. 

Going from lower level to higher level management the characteristics for decision making and information required at different managerial levels may be presented as- 

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